The Agreement on the European Economic Area, which entered into force on 1 January 1994, brings together the EU Member States and the three EEA EFTA States — Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway — in a single market, referred to as the "Internal Market".
European Economic Area (EEA) / Relations with the EU
The European Economic Area (EEA) unites the EU Member States and the three EEA EFTA States (Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway) into an Internal Market governed by the same basic rules. These rules aim to enable goods, services, capital, and persons to move freely about the EEA in an open and competitive environment, a concept referred to as the four freedoms. Read more...
What is the European Economic Area (EEA)?
EEA Institutions
The decision-making process in the EEA Agreement is characterised by its two-pillar structure. Common bodies such as the EEA Council and the EEA Joint Committee administer the EEA Agreement. There are also two common advisory bodies: the EEA Joint Parliamentary Committee and the EEA Consultative Committee.
Policy Areas
This section contains an overview of EFTA' s policy areas, sorted by the four freedoms, with links to more detailed explanations. The policy areas covered by the EEA Agreement are free movement of Goods, Services, Capital and Persons. Also covered by the Agreement are the so called Flanking and Horizontal Policies.
How the EEA works
How EU law becomes EEA law - Webtool
An interactive web tool showing visually how EU law becomes EEA law, by going through the steps taken to incorporate new legal acts into the EEA Agreement. The tool is fully developed in four languages: English, Icelandic, German and Norwegian.
Legal texts
Here you can find the main text of the Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA), as well as updated versions of all Annexes and Protocols. You will also find other legal documents, such as all adopted Joint Committee Decisions and the EEA status of EU legal acts.
EEA Supplement
A weekly legal gazette containing EEA related texts from EFTA and EU bodies, published in Icelandic and Norwegian (pdf format) on this website. Issues containing Joint Committee Decisions and EU acts incorporated into the EEA Agreement may also be ordered in printed form.
EEA Decision shaping
Decision shaping is the phase of preparatory work undertaken by the European Commission to draw up new legislative proposals. The EEA Agreement contains provisions for input from the EEA EFTA side at various stages before new legislation is adopted.
EU Programmes with EEA EFTA Participation
The EEA Agreement ensures participation by the three EEA EFTA States (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) in a number of EU programmes. The participation of the EEA EFTA States in EU programmes is a vital part of their integration in the Internal Market and a key instrument for cooperation between the Members States in a wide range of areas.
EFTA National Experts
There are approximately 1 000 national experts seconded to the European Commission from the 27 EU Member States, the EFTA States and other countries. See the full list and contact details of the EEA EFTA national experts in this section.
EEA EFTA State's Participation in EU Agencies
A number of specialised EU agencies have been established to support the EU Member States and their citizens. The EEA EFTA States participate in the agencies below through decisions of the EEA Joint Committee. In addition, bilateral agreements with the EU ensure the participation of individual EFTA States in several other EU agencies.
Activity
EEA EFTA Comments
One of the ways in which the EEA EFTA States participate in shaping the EC legislation, i.e. when the Commission is drawing up legislative proposals, is by submitting comments on important policy issues.
EEA Introductory Seminars
EFTA organises two types of seminars on the EEA: Introductory Seminars in September and February each year, and Policy Seminars on an ad hoc basis.